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OBJECTIVE：To investigate the e ffects of Zhuangtongyin water extract （ZTYWE）on hemorheology and blood lipid level of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model rats ，and preliminarily explore its molecular biology foundation of reducing arrhythmia after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. METHODS ：Totally 75 SD rats were divided into control group ，model group and ZTYWE low-dose ，middle-dose and high-dose groups. Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model was established by ligating the left ventricle cyclotron endings for 30 min then reperfusing for 60 min. Since the first day after surgery ，control group and model group were intraperitoneally administrated with same volume normal saline ；ZTYWE low-dose ，middle-dose and high-dose groups were intraperitoneally administrated with medicine solution （6.8，13.6，27.2 g/kg），once a day ，for continuous 28 d. At the 7th， 14th，21st，28th day after surgery ，the incidence rate of arrhythmia of rats were detected. The hemorheology indicators and serum contents of TC ，TG，LDL-C，HDL-C were determined after the last administration. The morphology of myocardial tissue was observed by HE staining. The protein expressions of apoptosis-related factor FAS and FAS-L were detected by Western blotting assay. RESULTS ：Compared with control group ，the incidence rates of arrhythmia of rats in model group were significantly increased；the whole blood contrast viscosity ，hematocrit（HCT），in vitro forming length and quality of thrombosis ，platelet aggregation rate ，erythrocyte filtration index （IF），as well as the serum contents of TC ，TG and LDL-C were significantly increased；in vivo thrombus formation time as well as the serum content of HDL-C were significantly decreased ；the protein expression of FAS and FAS-L were significantly increased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；obvious pathological changes were observed in myocardial tissue. Compared with model group ， the incidence rates of arrhythmia of rats in ZTYWE groups were in obvious reducing trend ； except for the HCT in 163.com low-dose ZTYWE group without significance ， the blood contrast viscosity ，HCT，in vitro forming length and quality of thrombosis ，platelet aggregation rate ，IF as well as the serum contents of TC ，TG and LDL-C were significantly decreased ；in vivo thrombus formation time as well as the serum contents of HDL-C were significantly increased ；the protein expressions of FAS and FAS-L were significantly decreased （P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01）；the pathological changes of myocardial tissue were improved. CONCLUSIONS ：Through the promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis effect ，Zhuangtongyin decoction can improve indexes of hemorheology index of ischemia-reperfusion model rats ，reduce the contents of TC ，TG and LDL-C ，enhace the contents of HDL-C ，down-regulate the protein expression of FAS and FAS-L ，so as to inhibit myocardial cells apoptosis and reduce arrhythmia.
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Monitoring blood glucose level timely and accurately and management of glucose level is crucial for the treatment of diabetes and the prevention of diabetic complications. Glycated albumin is one of the important biomarker to evaluate the fluctuation of blood glucose level, which has been widely used in clinic. To understand the advantages and limitations of the glycated albumin in monitoring glucose level will contribute to its better application in clinic.
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OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of Zhuangtongyin （ZTY） water extract on blood vessels diastolic and systolic function and cardiac function in rats with coronary heart disease （CHD） and its potential mechanism. METHODS： SD rats were randomly divided into control group， sham operation group， model group， positive group （Compound danshen dripping pills， 0.08 g/kg） and ZTY water extract low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups （6.8， 13.6， 27.2 g/kg， by weight of water extract）， with 10 rats in each group. Except for control group （no operation） and sham operation group （only open chest without ligation）， CHD model were set up in other groups by ligating the left ventricle cyclotron endings. One week after modeling， control group， sham operation group and model group were given constant volume of water intragastrically， and administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically； once a day， for consecutive 4 weeks. Two hours after last administration， cardiac function indexes （LVEDV， LVESV， SV， LVEF） of rats were detected in each group. The levels of inflammatory factors （CRP， IL-1β， IFN-γ and ET-1） in myocardial tissue were determined by ELISA. Histomorphological characteristics of myocardial tissue were determined by HE staining. RESULTS： The structure of myocardial fibers in control group and sham operation group was clear and orderly； there was no statistical significance in difference of each index between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. Compared with control group， myocardial fibers were disorderly arranged in model group， and the phenomena of rupture， dissolution and necrosis were observed， accompanied by infiltration of inflammatory cells. The levels of LVEDV and LVESV as well as the levels of CRP， IL-1β， ET-1 and IFN-γ were increased significantly， while the levels of SV and LVEF were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with model group， above symptoms of rats in each administration group were improved to different extents； the levels of LVEDV and LVESV as well as the levels of CRP， IL-1β， ET-1 and IFN-γ in positive group， the levels of LVEDV in ZTY water extract medium-dose and high-dose groups， the levels of LVESV and CRP， IL-1β， ET-1， IFN-γ in ZTY water extract groups were decreased significantly. The levels of SV and LVEF in positive group， the levels of SV in ZTY water extract groups as well as the levels of LVEF in ZTY water extract medium-dose and high-dose groups were increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： ZTY water extract could reduce the level of ET-1 and improve blood vessels diastolic and systolic function in CHD model rats， then restore blood supply of myocardial tissue and strengthen cardiac function， by acting on inflammation cycle.
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The method for preparation of models of myocardial ischemia in rats have been well described in the literature, are of practical value and have been chosen by many researchers for pharmacological studies of drugs for human diseases.However, there is still lack in some details of their operability and practicability.We re-selected the coronary artery ligation site, simplified the procedures and improved the experimental method for preparation of the models, and made satisfactory result.In this paper we will review the selection of method for preparing myocardial ischemia model in rats, describe some details of the surgical operation, explored the influencing factors and so on, and provide a reference for selecting most appropriate animal model in research.
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Objective To investigate the value of combined use of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)and duodenoscopic procedures in the treatment of gallbladder stones with common bile duct stones.Methods We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 164 cases of gallbladder stones with common bile duct stones treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy + endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST)from January 2003 to December 2007.Results All the cases underwent ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST)followed by LC.In the 164 cases,196 bile duct stones were extracted from 155cases with a success rate of 94.5%.The procedures were unsuccessful in 9 cases,and among them,4 cases had stricture of bile duct more than 2 cm in length,and 5 cases had impacted stones that precluded passage of the guide wire.After EST,6 of the 155 cases had the complication of mild acute pancreatitis and LC was performed after its treatment.The success rate of LC was 96.5% and the average hospital stay was(11?4)d.Conclusions The combined use of EST and ERCP before LC is effective in treatment of gallbladder stones with common bile duct stones,and has broadened the utilization of minimally invasive treatment for bile duct diseases.